The first volume in the Muslim Civilisations Abstracts series is a reference catalogue of 200 annotated bibliographies and abstracts of encyclopedias published during the nineteenth, twentieth and twenty-first centuries. Material has been made available in English, Arabic and Turkish. Volumes in the series seek not only to represent the diversity of Muslim societies, but also to create access to and reinforce communication between scholars and institutions across Muslim contexts; where the sharing of knowledge and information has often been hindered due to language barriers.