One of the central questions of economics relates to the coordination of individual units within a large organization to achieve the central objectives of that organization. The question is usually discussed in the context of the national economy, but it is equally relevant to problems of organizing the large multidivisional company. This book examines the problems involved in allocating resources in an economic system where decision-making is decentralized into the hands of individuals and individual enterprises. The decisions made by these economic agents must be coordinated because the input decisions of some must eventually equal the output decisions of others. In such coordination prices play a central role. Coordination arises naturally out of the mathematical theory of optimization but there is still the question of how it can be achieved in practice with dispersed knowledge. The essays in this volume explore the many facets of this problem. Nine papers are grouped under the title ‘Economies with a single maximand’. They include papers on static and dynamic optimization, decentralization within firms, and nonconvexities in optimizing problems. Fourteen papers are concerned with ‘Economies with multiple objectives’. Among the topics covered here are stability of competitive equilibrium, stability in oligopology, and dynamic shortages. The final part of the book includes three papers on informational efficiency and informationally decentralized systems.