In this issue of Critical Care Clinics, guest editors Drs. Philip Yang and Annette Esper bring their considerable expertise to the topic of Diagnosis and Management of Acute Respiratory Failure. Top experts in the field cover invasive mechanical ventilation; pharmacologic treatments in ARF; fluid management in ARF; management of ventilator dyssychrony; identification and routine management of ARDS; adjunctive management in ARF and ARDS; and much more. Contains 13 relevant, practice-oriented topics including MV in ventilatory/hypercapnic respiratory failure; ARF in pregnancy; ARF in neuro injuries and head trauma; ventilator weaning, extubation, and prolonged mechanical ventilation; physical and cognitive impairment in ARF; and more. Provides in-depth clinical reviews on diagnosis and management of acute respiratory failure, offering actionable insights for clinical practice. Presents the latest information on this timely, focused topic under the leadership of experienced editors in the field. Authors synthesize and distill the latest research and practice guidelines to create clinically significant, topic-based reviews.