Forests are extraordinary in their contribution to the basic human need for environmental stability and security, as well as in their contribution to the livelihood of many. The World Commission on Forests and Sustainable Development (WCFSD), through its unique makeup and independent nature, has been able to address the most significant issues surrounding the world’s forests in a manner not possible for any other body or institution. By convening public hearings all over the world to give voice to those who depend on forests, and by engaging itself in the politics of the issues at the highest levels, the WCFSD has endeavored to address fundamental and serious concerns. This report, representing the culmination of these efforts, discusses forest practices, politics and policies, and the social situations which they create or perpetuate and presents the Commission’s findings, conclusions and recommendations.