With its in-depth investigation of the opportunities and obstacles facing the region, this book offers data-driven assessments and policy recommendations to guide the process of energy transition in the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) region. It provides a comprehensive analysis of the current state of carbon reduction initiatives in the GCC and the sustainable development practices that are driving progress. Chapters are divided into four sections: circular economy and pathway frameworks; infrastructure; policy and data transparency; and behavioural and human factors. The book includes case studies to offer unique insights into the policy frameworks, technological innovations, and behavioural changes needed to transition to cleaner, knowledge-based economies. It unpacks the interplay between the ambitions of the GCC countries regarding climate change and sustainable development and the challenges they face in trying to achieve these. It is an indispensable resource for researchers and policymakers in environmental policy, climate change, and the Gulf states.